Technology. Inclined Planes, Levers and Pulleys
Teacher: Eva Gómez Llanos
Course/Level: Third course ESO
Subject: Technology
DU Title: Simple machines. Inclined planes, levers and pulleys
Objectives.
To acquire the necessary knowledge and use it in the understanding and analysis of machines and technical systems.
To describe machines, their operation and the elements that compose it.
To identify and calculate the quantities related to machines.
Subject Content.
Machines and mechanical systems: basic elements and types.
Use of simulators to check and recreate the operation of mechanisms.
Analysis of the function that play in the different types of machines.
Assembly and experimentation of characteristic mechanisms.
Language Content / Communication.
Vocabulary.
Nouns: machines, mechanism, levers, pulleys, plane, ramp, unit of measure, magnitude, moment, force, load, resistance, fulcrum, distance, elements, engine.
Verbs: calculate, describe, observe, experience, apply, describe.
Adjectives: technical, mechanical, circular, inclined, lifted.
Prepositions: in, on, under, beside, next.
Structures.
Routines: Have you ever heard anything about machines? Do you know something about measurement units? Have you ever used a pulley, an inclined plane or a lever?
Grammar contents: Present simple. Comparatives: (smaller, bigger, more, less, lower, higher…). Passive voice (Is used).
Classroom management: Listen carefully. Do you understand? Could you explain it to your classmates?
Discourse type.
The discourse type for this didactic unit are argument, exposition, description and dialogue with classmates and teachers.
Language Skills.
The languaje skills we are going to try to develop are writing, with several activities, reading texts and websites, speaking with pairs or in group and with and oral presentation, and listening with videos, audios and teacher explanations.
Contextual (cultural) elements.
Knowing basic elements about machines and engines that are useful in our lives.
Cognitive (thinking) processes.
Analysing different mechanisms and machines. Comparing their main characteristics and understanding how they work.
Task/s and activities.
Task/s.
Students have to create a chained effects machine with recycled materials. The machine must have an inclined plane, a lever and a pulley. After that, in the next session students will do an oral presentation about their machines.
Activities.
Work in pairs. Brainstorming about technology with texts. Videos about technology. Andamiaje de recepción.
Search on the internet and write definitions of simple machine, inclined plane, lever and pulley. Andamiaje de transformación.
Assessment activity with Quizlet.
Watch a video and visit a website to learn concepts about inclined plane. Andamiaje de recepción.
Work with an inclined plane simulator. Filling the gaps activity with technical words. Andamiaje de transformación.
Assessment activity with Quizmaker.
Work with a video, a listening and a reading with definitions about levers. Andamiaje de recepción.
Work and play with a lever simulator. Andamiaje de transformación.
Work in pairs about what machines contain levers. Andamiaje de producción.
Assessment activity with Kahoot.
Work with videos about pulleys and an easy writing activity about comparatives. Andamiaje de recepción.
Work with a pulley simulator. Andamiaje de transformación.
Individual speaking activity. Students explain to their classmates what is a pulley and how it works. Passive voice. Andamiaje de producción.
Assessment activity with Educaplay.
Project. Make a chained effects machine with the studied simple machines.
Oral presentation about the machines and the construction process. Presentation with GoogleApps for education or Libreoffice. Andamiaje de producción.
Group assessment activity. About presentation. Andamiaje de producción.
Self assessment about language skills with a rubric.
Methodology.
Organization and class distribution / timing
The methodology will be active and the student activity is fundamental. Students will work in small groups, in pairs and individually.
The didactic unit will be developed in 7 sessions of 50 minutes.
To work this session students will have a document with activities and links to websites, simulators and different resources.
First session.
In this session students will work in pairs talking about technology and machines. To help students they will have several questions.
Do you know what technology means?
And a simple machine?
Do you know what it is used for?
Where can you find some of them?
After this activity students will watch two videos about technology and machines to contrast previous ideas and technical knowledge with a tag cloud with keywords.
The second activity consists in searching on the Internet the definition of several words.
A simple machine is…
An Inclined plane is…
A lever is…
A pulley is…
The last activity is a self assessment activity with Quizlet. https://quizlet.com/653452767/flashcards
Second session.
1.Students will watch a video and visit a website to learn concepts about inclined planes.
2. After that students will work with an inclined plane simulator and a filling the gaps activity with technical words.
Inclined plane simulator.
http://gateway.golabz.eu/embed/apps/26187a16-494b-4325-98a0-4e4e77c94743/app.html
Text:
An inclined _____, also known as a ____, is a flat supporting surface tilted at an angle, with one end ______ than the other, used as an aid for raising or ________ a load. Inclined planes are widely used to move heavy loads over ________ obstacles. Moving an object up an inclined plane requires less _____ than _______ it straight up, at a cost of an increase in the distance moved.
Words: lifting, lowering, plane, ramp, vertical, higher, force.
3. At the end of the session students will do an assessment activity with Quizmaker. http://www.quiz-maker.com/QAH2DTJR3
Third session.
1. Students will work with a video, a listening and a reading with definitions about levers.
Video: The mighty mathematics of the lever - Andy Peterson and Zack Patterson
Listening: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1zEi6myoZE9fJy0cJD2l__FKHNqeS3aHi/view?usp=sharing
Students will have a text that will help them to identify the audios.
EFFORT : a force exerted by...
RESISTANCE (LOAD) : the impeding or stopping effect...
FULCRUM : the point against which a lever...
Definitions:
Read this text about the different classes of levers.
Class I — Fulcrum between the effort and resistance: The effort is applied on one side of the fulcrum and the resistance (or load) on the other side.
Class II — Resistance (or load) between the effort and fulcrum: The effort is applied on one side of the resistance and the fulcrum is located on the other side. It is also called force multiplier lever.
Class III — Effort between the fulcrum and resistance: The resistance (or load) is on one side of the effort and the fulcrum is located on the other side. It is also called speed multiplier lever.
Visit this website for more information. Movement analysis in sport. https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/zxkr82p/revision/1
2. Work and play with a lever simulator.
https://phet.colorado.edu/sims/html/balancing-act/latest/balancing-act_en.html
3. After the simulator activity the students will work in pairs talking about what machines contain levers.
4. Finally students will do an assessment activity with Kahoot. https://create.kahoot.it/share/technolgy/b2eb5bcf-14e2-40b6-84ae-93eded4a2d10
Fourth session.
1. In this session students will start to work with two videos about pulleys and an easy writing activity about comparatives.
Videos:
Texts:
Complete the sentences.
When you use more pulleys it is ______ lift a load.
With one pulley the rope is ________, and with more pulleys the rope is ______.
With several pulleys you need ______ effort than using one pulley.
Words: longer, easier, less, shorter.
2. The second activity will consist of working with a pulley simulator. http://www.oercommons.org/courses/atwood-s-machine/view
3. After the simulator activity students will do an individual speaking activity. Students will explain to their classmates what a pulley is and how it works. Passive voice.
Text:
A pulley is...
It is made up of...
A pulley it used for...
There are several classes of pulleys...
Pulleys can be found in...
4.Finally, the session will finish with an assessment activity with Educaplay.
https://es.educaplay.com/recursos-educativos/9322091-simple_machines_parts.html
Fifth and sixth session.
1. Students will do a project. They will have to make a chained effects machine with the studied simple machines and using recycled materials. They will watch a video to help them and get ideas. They will take photographs and videos to explain the process and the machine with an oral presentation.
Seventh session.
1. The students will do an oral presentation about the machines and the construction process. The will use Presentation of GoogleApps for education or Libreoffice.
Archive GApps. Chained effects machine
2. After each presentation students will discuss the presentations and the projects.
3. Finally, students will do a self-assessment activity about language skills with a rubric.
Resources / Materials
Videos.
Web resources.
Wikipedia. Simple machine. Inclined plane. Lever. Pulley.
Plano inclinado. https://kids.kiddle.co/Inclined_plane
Class levers. https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/zxkr82p/revision/1
Simulators:
Inclined plane. http://gateway.golabz.eu/embed/apps/26187a16-494b-4325-98a0-4e4e77c94743/app.html
Lever. https://phet.colorado.edu/sims/html/balancing-act/latest/balancing-act_en.html
Pulley. http://www.oercommons.org/courses/atwood-s-machine/view
Flashcards. Quizlet. https://quizlet.com/653452767/flashcards
Quizmaker. http://www.quiz-maker.com/QAH2DTJR3
Kahhot. https://create.kahoot.it/share/technolgy/b2eb5bcf-14e2-40b6-84ae-93eded4a2d10
Educaplay open activities. https://es.educaplay.com/recursos-educativos/9322091-simple_machines_parts.html
Google apps for education.
Documents.
Presentations.
Free software.
Documents.
Presentations.
Adapted texts from wikipedia.
Document for the students.
Key Competences
Communication in mother tongue / foreign language. Students will learn and work in mother tongue and in foreign language.
Cultural awareness and expression. Students will learn historic knowledge about technology and their uses in their lives.
Learning to learn. Students will search for information on the internet, and they will use it for a new creation.
Digital competence. They will search for information and free software on the internet, and they will use simulators as specific applications. Moreover, they will use google apps to do an oral presentation.
Social and civic competence. Students will work in group. They will have to listen and to discuss each other.
Sense of initiative and entrepreneurship. Students will create a composition, an oral presentation, will take decisions…
Mathematical competence and basic competences in science and technology. Students will use technology, and they learn about technology.
Evaluation (criteria and instruments).
Criteria: Students should be able to…
Distinguish different simple machines. Inclined plane, lever and pulley.
Know how these machines work.
Explain something about technology and simple machines in their own words.
Make a inclined plane, a lever or a pulley.
Know technical words about technology.
Use ICT to spread knowledge.
Instruments:
Direct observation.
Oral questions.
Texts and writing productions.
Presentations.
Assessment activities on the Internet.
Rubrics.
Al servicio de la educación cristiana, comprometidos con la persona y nuestro tiempo, con un estilo basado en la confianza y el afecto en las relaciones interpersonales.
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