REA en AICLE. Edición ON-LINE. Extremadura

 

UD: BASIC GEOMETRIC CONSTRUCTION

Course/Level: 3rd ESO

Subject: Technical Drawing in Artistic Education

 

INTRODUCTION:

This educational unit is aimed at 3rd ESO, in the subject of Artistic Education. The basic concepts of geometry and its constructions are worked on. Through this unit, students learn how to identify geometric shapes in their environment, reinforces the idea of ​​creating perfect and correct shapes in a graphic and mathematical approach, creating shapes and constructions with different proposals that can be used as a resource at any time. The activities are individual in autonomy and reasoning, putting in common with the rest of the students when achieving the result. The sessions are developed adapting the concepts that were learned previously in other courses. The feedback between student and professor is about to resolve doubts or inquiries, which are exposed in general. The available digital resources, interactive activities and related videos about the development of the different exercises will be used. Throughout the process, the student self-evaluates his own evolution of learning.

 

Organization and class distribution / timing : 9 sessions

 

1- Presentation of materials to work the theory of Technical drawing.

2- Elementals concepts. To use firstly easy vocabulary and activities, increase vocabulary and activities.

3- Making excercises. Individual work and personal attention.

4- Learning different constructions.

5- Practicing.

6- Exam.

 

Resources / Materials

 

-  Classic board, digital board, Internet, Prezi presentations, videos and animations.

 

- Pages about Technical Drawing:

Castellano:

http://www.laslaminas.es/

Inglés:

http://www.educationscotland.gov.uk/resources/nq/t/nqresource_tcm4624066.asp

http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0008/000890/089091eb.pdf

 

Documentary of architectures and building:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OEI4du7EH5g&index=4&list=PLaiWRo3TVP54cyB6MJE1b4EZy4mRrJfzC

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZT56OgvPv-A&list=PLaiWRo3TVP54cyB6MJE1b4EZy4mRrJfzC&index=3

SESSION 1: Presentation. Elementals concepts.

 

 

BASIC CONCEPTS OF GEOMETRY:

 

Geometry: It is an area of knowledge which studies any elements and operations on/in the plane such as points, line sor shapes. It comes from the Greek geo “earh”, metry “measurement”.

Point: In geometry a point can be defined as the place or location where two lines intersect. A point has no dimensions, no heigh and no width.

Line: a one-dimensional object formed of infinite points. It has no end points and continues on forever in a plane.

Plane: It is a two-dimensional (height and width) surface. In the space plane can be defined by two parallel lines, two intersecting line sor one point and a stright line.

Segment: A portion of a stright line defined by two points.

Straight Line: A line traced by a point travelling in a constant direction.

Perpendicular segment bisector: A line that intersects or meets a segment through its midpoint in equal parts forming 90º angles.

Angle bisector: A straight line though the vertex of an angle which divides it in two equal angles.

Thales theorem: Two lines intersected by a set of parallel lines get divided in proportional portions. This theorem is used mainly to divide segments in equal parts.

Axis: A straight line that express a symmetry a height or width regarding a figure or geometric set of elements.

Perimeter: The path that surrounds a two-dimensional shape also referred as the boundaries.

Perpendicular: They are lines which meet forming four right angles.

Parallel: They are lines which never intersect theirselves, so all their points are equidistant.

 

 

POLYGONS:

 

Polygon: A polygon is a flat and closet shape formed by straight sides joined by vértices.

Side: A segment which belong to a polygon.

Vertex: A point in which two sides of a polygon converge.

Diagonal: The line segment connecting two nonadjacent vértices in a polygon.

Star polygon: They are the result of connecting non consecutive vértices of a polygon.

Pentagram: A star polygon.

Hexagram: A star hexagon.

Triangle: A three sided polygon.

Quadrilateral: A four sides polygon.

Square: A four equal sides polygon with two couple of equal vertices.

Rhombus: A four equal sides polygon with two couple vertices.

Hexagon: A six sides polygon.

Heptagon: A seven sides polygon.

Octagon: An eight sides polygon.

Enneagon: A nine sides polygon.

 

 

CIRCLE:

 

Circle: A set of points equally distant to a point called center.

Center: A point which is equally distant from any point of a circle or from any vertex of a regular polygon.

Circumference: The distance around the outside of a circle, that is to say, the circle’s perimeter.

Radius: Distance between the center and any of the points of the circumference.

Diameter: A line through the center of a circle which conects two points of it.

Chord: Segment which joins two circle points no through its center.

Arc: A portion of a circle.

 

           Basic geometric concepts:

http://youtu.be/il0EJrY64qE

 

Animations of geometric constructions:

http://www.mathsisfun.com/geometry/constructions.html

 

Introduce polygons: 

http://youtu.be/LfPDFGvGbqk

 

                               SESSION 2: Paralell and perperdicular lines. Triangles and paralells.

 

- Punto, recta y plano:

Castellano:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8FkCwx3aLgE

Inglés:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WwzcDVcHTkk

 

 

- Rectas perpendiculares y paralelas:

Castellano:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8wION5CN6-M

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hyubn0ZZnfQ

Inglés:

Song in English:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P3AOoLbA3us

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

          SESSION 3: Dividing a segment and an angle into 2 equal portions. Thales theorem.

 

 

- Diferencia en recta, semirrecta y segmento:

Castellano:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=furBdyrsark

Inglés:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4jIb2ZWFHm

 

- Cómo hacer una bisectriz:

Castellano:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CQgZU7lBTsU

Inglés:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XXI60B3m70Y

 

- Teorema de Thales:

Castellano:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dqWRtHWI0-c

Inglés:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q0UlaGctcwM

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

SESSION 4: Add and substract of angles

 

- Add and substrac of angles:

Castellano:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aVr0pLUvJPY

Inglés:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sgENmqhLbH8

 

 

 

 

 

SESSIONS 5, 6 y 7: Regular polygons construction

 

 

 SESSION 8: Strellated Polygons

SESSION 9: EXAM

 

UD BASIC GEOMETRIC CONSTRUCTION:

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1pJ4VrKcnUTfuZG4HHSdnB4mMC77fMkDK/view?usp=sharing

 

MARÍA RUIZ REALES